Benign Skin Growths

Moles

Moles, also known as nevi, are common growths on the skin that develop when melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the skin, grow in clusters. Moles can vary in size, shape, color, and texture, and they can appear anywhere on the body. Most moles are benign (non-cancerous) and pose no health risks. They often develop during childhood and adolescence and may change in appearance over time, usually becoming less prominent and lighter in color with age.

While most moles are harmless, some may exhibit features that warrant further evaluation by a dermatologist.

This includes:

Changes in size, shape, or color: Moles that are asymmetrical, have irregular borders, have uneven coloring, or have changed in size or shape may indicate a risk of skin cancer.

Bleeding, itching, or pain: Moles that bleed, itch, or cause discomfort should be examined by a dermatologist, as these symptoms could be signs of skin cancer.

Rapid growth: Moles that grow rapidly or suddenly appear should be evaluated by a dermatologist to rule out skin cancer.

Multiple or atypical moles: Individuals with a large number of moles (greater than 50) or atypical moles (dysplastic nevi) may have an increased risk of developing melanoma, a type of skin cancer.

If a mole displays any of these concerning features, a dermatologist may recommend a skin biopsy to determine if it is cancerous or precancerous. During a skin biopsy, a sample of the mole is removed and examined under a microscope for signs of abnormal cells.

What are Melanomas?

Melanomas are cancerous moles – they may have the following appearance: asymmetrical shape (A), irregularly defined borders (B), abnormal colors (C) including red/blue/back/white , may have larger diameters (D) and look eccentric (E) on side profile. They may grow rapidly and/or develop a sore or open area.

These abnormal features are called the ABCDE’s as a simple mnemonic.
Spots with any of these features should be checked by your doctor who may further assess these with a special magnifier. A biopsy may be recommended.

Treatment For Moles

Treatment for moles depends on whether they are benign or cancerous. Benign moles typically do not require treatment unless they cause symptoms such as irritation from rubbing against clothing or jewelry.

However, if a mole is cosmetically bothersome or at risk of becoming irritated, a dermatologist may recommend removal through surgical excision, shave excision, or laser therapy.

If a mole is found to be cancerous or precancerous, treatment may involve surgical removal with a margin of healthy tissue to ensure complete excision of the abnormal cells. In some cases, additional treatments such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy may be necessary, particularly for more advanced cases of skin cancer.

Overall, it’s essential to monitor moles regularly for changes in size, shape, color, or texture and to seek prompt evaluation by a dermatologist if any concerning features are noted. Early detection and treatment of abnormal moles can help prevent the development or progression of skin cancer. Additionally, practicing sun safety measures, such as wearing sunscreen, protective clothing, and avoiding prolonged sun exposure, can help reduce the risk of developing new moles and skin cancer.

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